Springsteen & Goldhammer's 1929 140 East 95th Street

 

In 1928, a year before the Stock Market Crash, the newly formed 1470 Lexington Avenue Corporation purchased the four-story apartment building at the southwest corner of Lexington Avenue and 95th Street.  The vintage structure was demolished to be replaced by a six-story apartment and store building.  Designed by Springsteen & Goldhammer, the romantic Mediterranean Revival-style structure was completed in 1929.

Storefronts lined the avenue and the residential entrance opened onto 95th Street.  The building's midsection was faced in beige textured brick and trimmed in cast stone.  Other than the corner, which rose to a charming tower, the top floor was clad in stucco.

Springsteen & Goldhammer's picturesque details included cast stone Renaissance-inspired frames at the second floor, with heraldic shields and pyramidal crockets.  

The upper portion was drawn from the historic buildings of Siena, with round-arched corbel tables, red tiled roofs, and romantic tower windows.

An advertisement offered apartments of two, three, or four rooms.  It described, "Charming rooms.  New electric refrigerators.  24-hour elevator service.  Well maintained building."  

The apartments filled with middle- and upper-middle class residents.  Among the first was Joseph W. Steinberg, a politically active Republican.  On April 18, 1931, The New York Times reported on the inaugural meeting of the Fifteenth Assembly District Republican Club.  The speeches lambasted the Democratic Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt, one speaker saying that the city had suffered his "dodging and double-crossing tactics."  The newly-elected president, Walter S. Mack, Jr. accused Tammany Hall as having become a "racket."  Joseph W. Steinberg was elected a vice-president that night.

Another early resident was Geoffrey V. Thomas, who managed the properties owned by the Central Savings Bank.  His responsibilities ballooned in the 1930s, as the Depression forced the bank to foreclose on more and more real estate.

James D. Covington and his wife were initial tenants.  Covington's complaint in 1932 was, interestingly, not the economic conditions so much as the poor quail hunting in the Northeast.  On November 26, The New York Sun ran a lengthy article that called the tri-state hunting conditions "almost ideal."  Covington, a native of Georgia, refuted that and complained about quail hunting on Long Island.

"First off, the scarcity of game here makes it doubly hard to satisfy a Southern hunter," he told the reporter.  Back home, he said, "It was no trick to bag the limit of twenty-five birds per person per day." 

In the 19th century, beer breweries made fortunes for German immigrants like George Ehret, Peter Doelger and Jacob Ruppert.  Prohibition closed down those businesses and their sprawling brewery buildings sat shuttered.  But four years after 140 East 95th Street was opened, Prohibition was repealed and several of those facilities stirred back to life.

Among them was the Ruppert Brewery, the traffic and field manager of which was Charles Reichert, who lived here with his second wife, Delores.  In the spring of 1949, the delivery truck drivers walked off the job and the sidewalks outside the brewery at Third Avenue and 92nd Street became a sea of picketing strikers.

Late on the afternoon of May 13, Dolores went to the brewery and threaded her way through the 500 pickets and into the building.  At around 6:00 the couple left.  As they made their way through the mob, the drivers "exchanged words" with Reichert.  His replies were not well received by the out-of-work union members.  Two drivers "punched him in the face," as reported by The New York Times.  Reichert had Patrick Skully and Mortimer J. Monohan arrested for simple assault.

Living here in the 1950s was Nathan B. and Ethel Gurock.  Born in 1901, Nathan was a graduate of the New York University Law School.  He served as a secretary to State Supreme Court Justice Irving L. Levey for 14 years before becoming a general law assistant to the court justices.  In 1959 he was appointed a special referee of the State Supreme Court.

An interesting resident was Herman Davidowitz, who lived here with his wife, the former Rebecca Blank in the 1960s.  Born in Szeget, Hungary in 1897, Davidowitz arrived in America in 1921.  He founded Cravats by Dee, Ltd, a tie manufacturing firm.  He and Rebecca had two adult sons, Rabbi Moshe L. Davidowitz and psychologist Dr. Jacob Davidowitz.

Herman started collecting Judaica as a hobby.  The New York Times reported that it, "soon took him to many countries as he gathered menorahs of silver, bronze, brass, gold and clay; coins; embroideries; illustrated manuscripts; marriage contracts; scrolls; paintings, and other objects of Jewish religious and secular life."  

Rebecca died in 1964.  A few days later, when asked by The Jewish Press where he got the money to purchase his collection, Herman replied, "What others spent for pleasures, to go to the mountains or to Florida, my late wife and I invested in our collection."  In March 1967, he sold 190 items at the Parke-Bernet Galleries, Inc., realizing $60,840 (about $571,000 in 2026).

Shortly afterward, Davidowitz began plans to establish a tie business in Haifa, Israel and relocate there.  In January 1969, he embarked on a trip to Israel relating to those plans.  He made a stop-off in Florence, Italy on the way "looking for additions to his large collection of Judaica," according to The New York Times.  While there, on January 16, he suffered a fatal heart attack.  His funeral service and burial were held in Haifa.

Other than the remodeled avenue storefronts, Springsteen & Goldhammer's charismatic structure is little changed since it opened during the first year of the Great Depression.

photographs by the author

The "Berler Houses" - Nos. 809-811 Riverside Drive

The sidewalk cascades dramatically down to West 158th Street.

In the years following the end of World War I the rowhouses of the Audubon Park neighborhood were rapidly being demolished and replaced by modern apartment buildings.  But Charles Siegel Levy and Nathan Berler had a different idea.

Levy, an attorney, and Berler, a principal in the apparel manufacturing firm of Baren, Lehman & Berler, were convinced there was a market for two-family homes in the area.  At the point where Riverside Drive and West 158th Street came together was a sharp triangular plot of land.  The two men created Bertley Holding Corporation (a not-so-subtle composite of their names) and in June 1920 purchased the wedge of real estate.

They commissioned architects Moore & Landsiedel to design an upscale home intended to be the model for a series of residences that never came to pass.  Fred W. Moore and Frank L. Landsiedel produced two handsome homes which successfully pretended to be a single Mediterranean villa.  Constructed at a cost of $70,000 (just under $1 million today) they boasted "completed electrical equipment" and garages below the homes, accessed on West 158th Street.

The houses each contained 11 rooms, including the large solaria at either end.  The Mediterranean Revival style structure, with its red brick and deep green tiled roof, was splashed with occasional Arts & Crafts touches, like the stained glass transoms in the shallow, projecting bay at the rear of No. 811.

Even in its neglected condition, the rear bay is charming.

Perhaps the reason that Bertley Holding Corporation's grand plans for similar homes never went forward was a break-up in the partnership.  The New York Times commented on the newly-completed houses in February 1922.  Charles S. Levy's name was not mentioned.  Instead, the article gave the entire credit to Nathan Berler; going so far as to say "It proved so successful that Mr. Berler now occupies the south half of the house himself and found no difficulty in selling the north half."

In fact, Berler had not sold No. 811.  His next door neighbor was his former partner, Charles S. Levy and his family.


Nathan and Sadie Berler were married on November 2, 1913 and moved into No. 809 with their three year old daughter, Lucille Marsha.  On the evening of New Year's Day, 1922 they hosted what The American Hebrew deemed "the first house warming in their newly completed residence."

Their family increased by one on August 29 that year when Marten Arnold was born.  At least one servant lived with the Berlers.

Two years after moving into No. 809 Nathan Berler (now head of the Enesbe Realty Corporation) started construction of the abutting apartment building at No. 807.  He instructed the architect, George F. Pelham, to design it to be architecturally harmonious with the two houses.

In 1930 the Berler family moved into No. 807, leasing No. 809 to Louis Robison.  In reporting on the deal, The New York Times mentioned, "The house, which was built only seven years ago, contains at $25,000 organ and a garage.  It receives heat and hot water from 807 Riverside Drive, the adjoining apartment house, also owned by Mr. Berler."

Robison was a principal in the cotton and rayon yarn trading company L. Robison Co., with partner Lawrence Lindner.  He served as treasurer of the Federation of American Zionists.   Robison and his wife were no doubt thrilled when daughter Hannah won a State scholarship to Cornell University in 1931.  The result of a competitive examination, the scholarship reduced tuition to $100 per year.

In the meantime, the Levy family was still in No. 811.  The family had three sons, Walter, Howard and Lawrence.  As Lawrence and Howard went on to Harvard, Walter was still studying at the Horace Mann School in 1927.  He was among the group of 100 boys to traveled to Denmark that year, a trip arranged by the Rotary Club and the American Club of Copenhagen.

But the Levy family would also endure tragedy in 1927.  On February 11 Charles was driving along East 152nd Street at the same time that 4-year old Jeremiah Mulcahy was playing in front of his home.  The automobile struck the boy, who died in the ambulance on the way to the hospital.  The following day The Times reported "Levy was also directed to appear at the Bronx Homicide Court this morning."

The Levy family remained in No. 811 at least through 1937.  In 1942 the house was sold to Dr. Luigi Capobianco.  It was assessed at the time at $22,000.  Capobianco moved his family into the house.  Although the Capobianco family was still in the house as late as 1952, it was converted to apartments, one per floor, around mid-century.

No. 809, meanwhile, had seen a series of tenants.  Following the Robison family came Louis Berkowitz in 1934, Aurelia Smart in 1939, and when her five-year lease expired the house was purchased by Adele R. Harlowe.  Adele leased rooms, apparently, and in 1947 one of her tenants was biologist Jewel Plummer Cobb.  Recognized today as an African American pioneer in medicine, her research on cancer cells led to major advances in chemotherapy.

Original details survive throughout No. 809.  photo via Corcoran Group

When No. 809 was listed in 2010, it's 1921 interiors were amazingly intact.  The new owners initiated a restoration that included replacement windows, most of which were faithful copies of the originals.  The sympathetic facelift accentuated the fact--for perhaps the first time in nearly a century--that the villa is actually two homes.

The laudable restoration stopped short of reproducing the diamond-paned foyer windows or its quarter-round transom. 

photographs by the author