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| Stereopticon view of the Grand Hotel shortly after completion - from the collection of the New York Public Library |
Five years before Peter Gilsey completed his elaborate Gilsey House Hotel two blocks to the south, Elias S. Higgins built the Grand Hotel at Broadway and 31st Street. Higgins, a highly successful carpet manufacturer, commissioned Henry Engelbert in 1867 to design the hotel. Anticipating the northbound urban migration, it would also be conveniently near the 23rd Street entertainment district. The German-born Engelbert would establish a reputation for creating striking buildings in the French Second Empire style.
For the Grand Hotel he followed suit. Turning to the new, fashionable hotel particuliers that began lining the streets of mid-19th Century Paris, he created five stories of white marble, resting on a ground floor of slender-pillared cast iron with wide glass shop windows, and topped by a two-story mansard roof. Engelbert chopped the corner off his hotel, creating a chamfer with one window per floor that allowed guests a view up Broadway.
Unlike Gilsey’s hotel, Higgins intended The Grand to be a residential, or family, hotel. These were, essentially, apartment houses that offered the amenities of hotel living--like maid service. A large communal dining room replaced the necessity for kitchens and dining rooms in the apartments.
Unlike Gilsey’s hotel, Higgins intended The Grand to be a residential, or family, hotel. These were, essentially, apartment houses that offered the amenities of hotel living--like maid service. A large communal dining room replaced the necessity for kitchens and dining rooms in the apartments.
Later, as the theatre district moved north towards Times Square, it became financially sensible to accept transient guests.
photo by Bryon Company from the collection of the Museum of the City of New York
In 1870, Henry Milford Smith leased and managed the hotel. In his 1884 New York’s Great Industries, Richard Edwards praised Smith as “the popular and enterprising proprietor of the Grand Hotel” and added, “His son, Mr. Dinwiddie Smith, is a thoroughly practical hotel man, and actively associated with his father in the management of this magnificent hotel which has two hundred and thirty-three rooms.”
In 1904, the hostelry was renamed The New Grand Hotel under the ownership of George F. Hurlbert, who owned two other hotels--one in Jamestown, New York and another in Sharon, Pennsylvania. His thorough redecorating of the interior reflected an updated “Moorish” décor.
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| remodeled foyer - early 20th century postcard view (author's collection) |
In 1920, daily room rates were advertised as:
Room with Running Water (for one) $2.00-$2.50
Double Room with Running Water (for two) $3.00-$3.50
Room with Bath (for one) $3.50-$4.00
Double Room with Bath (for two) $5.00-$5.50
By World War II, however, Broadway around 31st Street had changed. Several of the once grand neighboring hotels were converted to commercial loft buildings. The New Grand Hotel was converted to The Milner Hotel with fleabag rates of $1.00 to $1.50 a night. In 1957 the entire ground floor was remodeled and the ornate cast iron and glass entrance was demolished.
By the 1980s the hotel had declined to a single occupancy room hotel owned by Mocak Enterprises. Despite its 1979 landmark designation, the owners painted the marble façade and the slate roof in 1987 without prior authorization by the New York Landmarks Preservation Commission–which doubtlessly would not have been forthcoming.
Robert Tincher, vice president of Mocak explained to The New York Times in 1993, “we painted the building to protect it.” The problem, now, was how to correct the violation. Leaving the paint on the marble could seal in moisture, causing the face of the stone to pull away--a destructive process called delamination. On the other hand, removal of the paint could damage the marble and the slate. The Landmarks Preservation Commission retained Building Conservation Associates to supervise spot testing of the face to determine the extent of damage removal of the paint would cause.
Today, the property is owned and managed by 1234 Broadway LLC as the Clark Apartments. In 2010, netting and scaffolding covered the building as KRA Associates headed up restoration efforts of the facade. Slowly, inch by inch, the white marble and the black slate of the roof are re-emerging and the Grand Hotel sits awaiting for its former glory to be rediscovered.
Room with Running Water (for one) $2.00-$2.50
Double Room with Running Water (for two) $3.00-$3.50
Room with Bath (for one) $3.50-$4.00
Double Room with Bath (for two) $5.00-$5.50
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| The updated "Moorish Lounge" -- early 20th century postcard view (author's collection) |
By World War II, however, Broadway around 31st Street had changed. Several of the once grand neighboring hotels were converted to commercial loft buildings. The New Grand Hotel was converted to The Milner Hotel with fleabag rates of $1.00 to $1.50 a night. In 1957 the entire ground floor was remodeled and the ornate cast iron and glass entrance was demolished.
By the 1980s the hotel had declined to a single occupancy room hotel owned by Mocak Enterprises. Despite its 1979 landmark designation, the owners painted the marble façade and the slate roof in 1987 without prior authorization by the New York Landmarks Preservation Commission–which doubtlessly would not have been forthcoming.
Robert Tincher, vice president of Mocak explained to The New York Times in 1993, “we painted the building to protect it.” The problem, now, was how to correct the violation. Leaving the paint on the marble could seal in moisture, causing the face of the stone to pull away--a destructive process called delamination. On the other hand, removal of the paint could damage the marble and the slate. The Landmarks Preservation Commission retained Building Conservation Associates to supervise spot testing of the face to determine the extent of damage removal of the paint would cause.
Today, the property is owned and managed by 1234 Broadway LLC as the Clark Apartments. In 2010, netting and scaffolding covered the building as KRA Associates headed up restoration efforts of the facade. Slowly, inch by inch, the white marble and the black slate of the roof are re-emerging and the Grand Hotel sits awaiting for its former glory to be rediscovered.
non-credited photographs were taken by the author
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