If there were ever a real-life Horatio Alger story, it was Emery Roth’s. The son of a Jewish innkeeper, one of eight children, he left his impoverished family in 1884 following his father’s death. At only 13 years old he boarded a steamship for America. Once here, the boy shined shoes in the Midwest to eke a living.
Unbelievably, by the 1920s Roth was one of America’s most
successful architects—despite never having been formally trained. Best known for his innovative apartment house
and hotel designs, not even the Wall Street Crash could slow him down.
In 1929 the hulking New York Athletic Club stood at the
corner of 59th Street (now known as Central Park South) and Sixth
Avenue. It would not survive much
longer.
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| The New York Athletic Club would be replaced by the St. Moritz. photograph from the collection of the New York Public Library |
The Club was demolished and construction begun on Roth’s St.
Moritz Hotel in 1930. The 36-story pile
rose to dramatic, complex set-backs where occupants enjoyed breathtaking views
of Central Park. Although the bulk of
the structure was clad in brown brick and ornamentation was reserved for the
three-story base and the uppermost floors, Roth’s 1,000-room hotel cost about
$6 million.
The St. Moritz took its name from the upscale Swiss winter
resort town. Its mayor presented the hotel with a huge painting of the city by Giovanni
Giacometti which was hung in the marble
lobby.
Upscale 1930s hotels almost necessarily included a dining
room where orchestras provided dance music for patrons in evening clothes.
In the St. Moritz it was located on the 31st floor and was
decorated with murals depicting scenes from Omar Khayyam poems executed by
David Karfunkle.
In 1932 the Sound Club, whose members were involved in the
radio industry, took over the top three floors as its club rooms. The club included a private dining room large
enough for dinner dances, as well.
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| Ornamentation on the lower floors included medallion busts. |
The St. Moritz offered accommodations to both transient
guests and permanent residents. It
quickly became a favorite among professional athletes and theatrical
figures. Among the first tenants were
boxer Jack Dempsey and his wife; and Fox Studio executive Donald E. McIntire.
The Depression was heavily affecting the motion picture
industry and in May 1931 McIntire was asked by studio president Harley L. Clark
to recommend changes. His report was so
impressive that he was made active head of the studio. The pressure of the new position was too much
and McIntire suffered a nervous breakdown, resulting in his resignation in
March 1932.
McIntire’s doctors treated him in his 21st floor
apartment here; but his anxiety was too great and on December 22, 1932 the
42-year old leaped from his window to the pavement below.
Despite its well-known residents, financial problems
resulted in the Bowery Savings Bank's taking over the St. Moritz in 1932. It was quickly resold to hotel mogul S.
Gregory Taylor. But any difficulties
going on behind the scenes went unnoticed by the public.
In 1939 the Works Progress Administration’s New York City
Guide noted that the St. Moritz Hotel was “noted for its continental atmosphere,
and its Café de la Paix, a sidewalk restaurant, is reminiscent of its Parisian
prototype.” The Café de la Paix indeed
brought a touch of Paris to Depression-weary New Yorkers and is considered to
be the first sidewalk café in the city.
Among the residents from the entertainment
industry at the time were actor Robert Morley, who took an apartment in 1938; tenor
Giovanni Martinelli of the Metropolitan Opera (considered by some to be the
successor of Enrico Caruso); and comedian Joe Penner’s widow.
On December 3, 1944 Mrs. Penner arrived at the St. Moritz
from Beverly Hills. Her wardrobe trunk
had been shipped ahead and was waiting for her.
Inside were furs and clothing valued at $100,000 and a “candy bag”
containing jewelry. The wealthy widow
had the only key to the trunk; but when she opened it that night she was
shocked to find five pieces of jewelry, valued at $20,000, missing. She seemed little perturbed by the mystery,
telling reporters that “most of the loss is covered by insurance.”
In 1950 the St. Moritz was updated, including a full
redecoration of the interiors to mid-century taste. It became home to baseball player Billy
Martin during the winter of 1956-57. His
biographers, Bill Pennington and Scott Waxman, note in their Billy Martin:
Baseball’s Flawed Genius note “Bellmen loved him (and his big-tipping ways)."
That same year another baseball great, Mickey Mantle, lived
at the St. Moritz. Billy Martin recalled to
Ronald B. Scott of People magazine in 1977 that he and Mantle were caught
dumping water out a window of the St. Moritz onto passersby below.
Martin, whose actual name was Alfred Manuel Martin,
went down to the cashier’s desk one evening to cash a check. The
cashier looked at the check, shook his head and said “We have no Alfred Martin
registered here. We’ve got Billy Martin
of the Detroit Tigers.”
Martin later related the story to a reporter, saying it took
some doing to convince the cashier that Alfred and Billy Martin were the same
person. “Alfred Manuel’s still my legal
name,” he said in February 1971, “It’s been that way on every baseball contract
I ever signed. I guess I keep it out of
respect for the old man.” Then, pausing,
he added, “Hey, I don’t know why I should.
He left us when I was eight months old.”
Mickey Mantle told Bob Costas years later that the St.
Moritz was the “biggest and nicest place” he had ever stayed in during those
years. At one point he let Yankee first
baseman, Joe Pepitone, share his room.
According to Mantle biographer James Beckett, Pepitone recalled that “He used
to stay up and talk about being afraid of dying young because his father and
two uncles died young.”
Along with the Café de la Paix was Rumpelmayer’s café. It was perhaps as well known as the
Austrian-born caterer’s Paris café. The splendid
Art Deco interiors were decorated by German-born architect Winold Reiss. Rumpelmayer’s was famous for its coffee and
ice creams. And it was the ice cream that
would cause a stir between two American icons around 1952.
One summer afternoon Joe Dimaggio and Marilyn Monroe were
passing Rumpelmayer’s with Dimaggio’s son, Joey, who was around 12
years old at the time. According to
Morris Engleberg and Marv Schneider in Dimaggio—Setting the Record Straight,
Joey wanted an ice cream soda.
“Do you know what they charge for an ice cream soda in there?”
said his father. “Let’s go back to the
apartment. I’ve got ice cream, chocolate
syrup, and seltzer and I’ll make you a soda.”
Marilyn sneaked a $20 bill into Joey’s hand. Distracting Dimaggio by saying she wanted to
look at something in a boutique, she directed Joey into Rumpelmayer’s. When he realized he had been duped Dimaggio
was furious. The three hurried along
Central Park South with Dimaggio “loudly bawling her out.” Despite the very public display, Joey had gotten his
Rumpelmayer’s ice cream soda.
Along with famous entertainers and athletics were, of course,
guests from the main stream; sometimes including the not-so-respectable. On Tuesday, December 1, 1964 three “Florida
models,” two women and a man, checked into the hotel.
Susan Peterson, Victor Baretto and Linda Pembroke, all
between 24 and 25 years old, had a felonious plan. What they did not know was that police had
received an anonymous tip and detectives checked into the suite next door.
The three walked through the hallways on the night of
December 2, ringing doorbells. If no one
answered, they picked the locks and burglarized the rooms. The detectives, unseen, watched as they
looted 39 rooms of $30,000 in cash, jewelry and furs.
The trio of thieves went back to their room, packed the
stolen goods, and headed out of the hotel.
Police were waiting for them.
They were arrested in the lobby and charged with grand larceny and possession of
burglary tools.
The St. Moritz was about to undergo a series of new
owners. Harry Helmsey sold it for $72
million to Donald Trump in 1985. Only
three years later Trump more than doubled his money when he sold it for $180
million to Australian tycoon Alan Bond.
Unable to meet his loan payments, he lost it the hotel to his lender, F.A.I. Insurance in 1989.
In January 1997 Donald Trump—never known for architectural sensitivity--was back in the picture. He partnered with F.A.I. Insurance to gut the venerable structure (which did not have landmark protection), encase the façade in glass, and convert it to condominiums. The St. Moritz was closed on April 20, 1998.
But a week later, on April 29, the scheme changed. Hotelier Ian Schrager purchased the St.
Moritz for $185 million and reopened it with no changes at all. It was a short-lived reprieve, however. On November 6, 1999 Schrager sold the
building to a development syndicate which, with the Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company,
gutted it and converted it to a Ritz-Carlton hotel-condominium, “The
Ritz-Carlton New York, Central Park.” The conversion included extensive exterior
restoration by architect Gary Edward Handel, including reproducing some of Roth’s damaged ornamentation. The topmost floors had
suffered extensive weathering and were stripped; the masonry and
ornamentation replaced with “exact copies of the Roth originals,” according to
Handel.
Opened in April 2002,
it operates as a hotel with 277 rooms on the lower 22 floors, while the top 12
contain eleven staggeringly-large residences.
In 2008 one apartment sold for $28 million and in March 2012 a duplex
was put on the market for $77.5 million.
Outside, however, strollers along Central Park South notice
few changes to Emery Roth’s Depression Era hotel, other than, perhaps, the
replacement windows. The 2002
restoration was unusually sympathetic to the original design, preserving a
colorful piece of Manhattan’s residential history.
photographs by the author
many thanks to Marc Mentzer for suggesting this post
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