photograph by Wurts Bros. from the collection of the Museum of the City of New York
James Franklin Doughty Lanier was born in North Carolina on November 22, 1800. His earliest ancestor in America was Thomas Lanier, who arrived with his friend, John Washington, in Virginia in 1655. (Washington's great-grandson, George, would become America's first President.)
In 1849, James Franklin Doughty Lanier moved his family to New York City. His first wife, Elizabeth Gardner, had died in 1846 and he married Mary McClure in 1848. Lanier, who started out practicing law, turned to banking in the 1830s and became president of the Bank of Indiana in 1833. The year he moved his family to New York, he co-founded the banking firm of Winslow, Lanier & Co. with Richard H. Winslow.
The Laniers moved into a fine residence at 16 West 10th Street. Charles Lanier was 12 years old at the time. Two years after he married Sarah E. Egleston on October 7, 1857, he was taken into his father's banking firm. The newlyweds remained in the West 10th Street house, increasing the population with a son, James Frederick Doughty Lanier III, born in 1858; two daughters, Sarah Egleston, born in 1862; and Fannie who arrived two years later.
Sarah Egleston Lanier was pregnant again in 1870 when she and Charles left West 10th Street for their own opulent, double-wide mansion at 28-30 East 37th Street. Elizabeth Gardner Lanier would be born there on October 29, 1870.
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Charles Lanier later in life. from the collection of the Library of Congress
The family's brownstone fronted, Italianate house rose four stories above an English basement. The arched entrance sat within a Corinthian columned portico. In a highly unusual move, the architect chamfered the western corner. His doing so strongly suggests the Laniers' property extended a few feet into a narrow garden between the mansion and the carriage house of the former Isaac Newton Phelps mansion which was erected on the Madison Avenue corner in 1854.
The drawing room of the mansion was the scene of Sarah's marriage to Francis Cooper Lawrance, Jr. on the afternoon of December 14, 1881. The choice of a house wedding rather than a more socially visible ceremony was, no doubt, because of James F. D. Lanier's death three months earlier. The New York Times said, "The wedding was private, owing to recent deaths in the bride's family, and the guests were limited, therefore, to near relatives and most intimate friends."
The family's summer estate, Allen Winden, was in Lenox, Massachusetts. Fannie married Francis R. Appleton in Trinity Church there on October 7, 1884.
The residence at Allen Winden was designed by Peabody & Stearns in 1882. from Lenox, 1886 (copyright expired)
James F. D. Lanier III was the next to marry. His wedding to Harriet Bishop in the West Presbyterian Church on West 42nd Street was a socially prominent affair. On November 25, 1885, The New York Times reported, "In the rear of the church was a grouping of luxuriant tropical plants, palms and ferns stretching above the organ loft. The pulpit was buried under a mass of roses." Among the long list of socially elite guests at the wedding and reception were Mrs. Stuyvesant Fish, Mrs. Oliver Belmont, Mrs. Seward Webb, Mrs. Cornelius Vanderbilt, Mr. and Mrs. D. O. Mills and Ogden Mills.
As his father had done, James brought his bride to his parents' home. Two sons would be born in the East 37th Street house--Charles Day in 1886, and Reginald Bishop in 1888.
Four months before James's and Harriet's wedding, Charles had hired builder G. Mulligan to install a bay window on the parlor floor. The handsome alteration cost him the equivalent of $19,600 in 2024 terms.
The social spotlight finally landed on Elizabeth (known within the family as Lizzie) in 1889. On December 13, the New-York Tribune reported, "Mrs. Charles Lanier, No. 30 East Thirty-seventh-st., gave a reception yesterday afternoon for her daughter, Miss Lizzie Lanier." Among those assisting in receiving were Lizzie's sisters. The article noted, "About 1,000 people were present."
Two years later, Lizzie married George Evans Turnure in Trinity Church in Lenox. The Springfield Daily Republican reported, "a large and fashionable company of guests were present," adding, "The wedding breakfast at the country house of Mr. and Mrs. Lanier was the scene of a delightful gathering immediately after the ceremony." Astoundingly, the article said, "More than 1000 varieties of roses were used in decorating the entire lower level of the house."
James and Harriet still lived in the townhouse with Charles and Sarah. In October 1891, they were looking for a governess for their eldest son. Their ad read, "Wanted--German governess, able to give English lessons to a boy until he goes to school, and take entire charge of him; must have best references." (The mention of taking "entire charge" of the boy before entering school suggests Charles Day Lanier would be going away to a high-end boarding school.)
Charles had the house updated in 1896, apparently modernizing the interiors. On March 22, The New York Times reported that his alterations would cost $15,000. The significant expense would translate to half a million in 2024 dollars.
Up-to-date décor was necessary for the Laniers' extensive entertaining. The 1895 America's Successful Men of Affairs mentioned, "His wife and he are hospitable entertainers and welcome in the most cultivated circles." The article listed his exclusive club memberships, including the Union League, the Union, the Metropolitan, Knickerbocker, Century, Tuxedo, and Players' Clubs among others.
In February 1898, Sarah caught the flu and never recovered. She died in the East 37th Street mansion on April 18 at the age of 61. Somewhat surprisingly, her funeral was not held in the house, but at the Church of the Incarnation on Madison Avenue and 35th Street.
Equally surprising, ten months later James and Harriet left Charles, still in mourning, for an extended period. On December 1, The Sun reported they, "will go abroad this month, to remain until the summer at least." The article noted that earlier they had leased their country house, Sunridge Hall, at Westbury, Long Island, to Clarence H. Mackay and his wife for three years."
In April 1901, James and Harriet began construction of a sumptuous townhouse nearby at 123 East 35th Street. Two months earlier, Charles had given the family a scare when he was injured in a serious accident. On the evening of February 14, he and the housekeeper, Miss Bigelow, were being driven in the Lanier coupé by coachman Christopher Hayer to visit Louisa Minturn at 22 Washington Square. At the corner of Madison Avenue and 29th Street, the hose wagon of Engine Company No. 1 collided with the carriage. The New-York Tribune reported, "Hayer attempted to get out of the way, but before he succeeded the pole of the hose wagon had pierced the side of the coupé."
The speeding wagon pushed the carriage to the curb and both teams of horses fell to the pavement. The two drivers were thrown from their seats. The New-York Tribune reported, "Mr. Lanier was injured on the side and chest and Miss Bigelow suffered considerably from shock." After being taken to the home of Vernon H. Brown at 95 Madison Avenue, the pair was brought home in a cab. The newspaper noted, "The coupé was badly wrecked, but none of the horses were injured."
James and Harriet moved into their new home in 1903. The following year, Charles's grandchildren, Charles Lanier Lawrance and Katherine "Kitty" Lanier Lawrance moved into 30 East 37th Street. They were 22 and 11 years old respectively. Their mother, Sarah Lanier Lawrance, died in 1893, the year Kitty was born. Their father married Susan Ridgway Willing the following year. After his death in 1904, Susan surrendered the custody of her step-children to their grandfather and moved to Paris with the daughter she had with Francis Lawrance.
On September 21, 1915, Kitty was married to William Averell Harriman in Trinity Church in Lenox. The reception was held at Allen Winden. The New York Times said, "breakfast will be served on the porches and at small tables on the terraces...The villa and the grounds are most inviting." Harriman would go on to become Governor of New York and Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson.
The younger Charles Lanier had moved to a ranch in Omaha, Nebraska by the time of his sister's wedding. He died there at the age of 32 on December 4, 1918.
On January 19, 1926, Charles gave "an informal reception" to celebrate his 89th birthday. Less than two months later, on March 8, The Springfield Daily Republican reported, "News was received here this afternoon of the death at his home in New York city of Charles Lanier, 89, who has made Lenox his summer home for the past 60 years." The newspaper mentioned that he was "a close friend of the late [J.] Pierpont Morgan and was a member of the little group, informally called the Corsair club, which met on Mr. Morgan's yacht."
The Lanier house became the Harvard Business Club. While the club occupied the lower floors as its clubhouse, certain unmarried members lived in the upper floors. It remained here until 1938 when the Dartmouth Club moved in. In its March 1938 issue, the Dartmouth Alumni Magazine reported, "By the time this appears the ritzy Dartmouth Clubhouse at 30 East Thirty-seventh Street should be in use." The article mentioned that the "extensive refurbishing was almost completed."
The Dartmouth Club was replaced by the Andrew Furuseth Club in 1942. The Seafarers Log reported on October 1, "The most sumptuous quarters ever set aside for the exclusive use of the merchant seaman was dedicated today in a ceremony which included prominent speakers from all walks of American life." The article said, "This entire structure is for the exclusive use of the merchant seamen. They have only to show their discharges at the door and all facilities are at their disposal."
A postcard depicted activities in the Andrew Furuseth Club--a stark contrast from entertainments during the Lanier years.
The Andrew Furuseth Club would have to find new quarters in 1949. The former Lanier mansion was demolished to make way for the Emery Roth & Sons designed Morgan Park apartment building, which survives.
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